How to say “liver” around the world
4,654 languages · 385 in their own spelling
Dots of one colour begin with a similar sound. Colours group words by the class of their first consonant (a sound-class method used in linguistics): words that begin alike share a colour. This shows resemblance, not common origin — proving relationship needs case-by-case comparison. Readable forms come from Wiktionary translation tables; many smaller languages come from the ASJP word lists, in ASJP’s simplified transcription.
| Language | Word | Romanization | Family |
|---|---|---|---|
| Chinese | 肝脏 | gānzàng | Sino-Tibetan |
| English | liver | Indo-European | |
| Spanish | hígado | Indo-European | |
| Hindi | कलेजा | kalejā | Indo-European |
| Arabic | كَبِد | kabid | Afro-Asiatic |
| Bengali | যকৃৎ | jokrit | Indo-European |
| Indonesian | hati | Austronesian | |
| Portuguese | fígado | Indo-European | |
| French | foie | Indo-European | |
| Russian | пе́чень | péčenʹ | Indo-European |
| Japanese | 肝臓 | kanzō | Japonic |
| Marathi | यकृत | yakŕt | Indo-European |
| Swahili | ini | Atlantic-Congo | |
| Turkish | karaciğer | Turkic | |
| Telugu | కాలేయం | kālēyaṁ | Dravidian |
| Wu Chinese | 肝脏 | ¹koe-zaon | Sino-Tibetan |
| Korean | 간 | gan | Koreanic |
| German | Leber | Indo-European | |
| Vietnamese | gan | Austroasiatic | |
| Tamil | கல்லீரல் | kallīral | Dravidian |
| Cantonese | 肝 | gon¹ | Sino-Tibetan |
| Urdu | کَلیجا | kalejā | Indo-European |
| Italian | fegato | Indo-European | |
| Egyptian Arabic | كبدة | kibda | Afro-Asiatic |
| Gujarati | યકૃત | yakŕt | Indo-European |
| Western Farsi | جِگَر | jigar | Indo-European |
| Min Nan Chinese | 肝 | koaⁿ | Sino-Tibetan |
| Hakka Chinese | kôn-chhóng | Sino-Tibetan | |
| Hausa | hantā̀ | Afro-Asiatic | |
| Kannada | ಯಕೃತ್ತು | yakṛttu | Dravidian |
| Polish | wątroba | Indo-European | |
| Yoruba | ẹ̀dọ̀ki | Atlantic-Congo | |
| Malayalam | കരൾ | karaḷ | Dravidian |
| Odia | ଯକୃତ | jakruta | Indo-European |
| Burmese | အသည်း | a.sany: | Sino-Tibetan |
| Moroccan Arabic | كُبِدَة | kubida | Afro-Asiatic |
| Igbo | imeju | Atlantic-Congo | |
| Ukrainian | печі́нка | pečínka | Indo-European |
| Uzbek | bagʻir | Turkic | |
| Romanian | ficat | Indo-European | |
| Dutch | lever | Indo-European | |
| Amharic | ጉበት | gubbät | Afro-Asiatic |
| Thai | ตับ | dtàp | Tai-Kadai |
| Lingala | libale | Atlantic-Congo | |
| Serbian-Croatian-Bosnian | је̏тра | Indo-European | |
| Khmer | ថ្លើម | thlaəm | Austroasiatic |
| Somali | beer | Afro-Asiatic | |
| Turkmen | bagyr | Turkic | |
| Cebuano | atay | Austronesian | |
| Nepali | कलेजो | kalejo | Indo-European |
| Assamese | যকৃৎ | zokrit | Indo-European |
| Sinhala | අක්මාව | akmāwa | Indo-European |
| Greek | συκώτι | sykóti | Indo-European |
| Kurdish | kezeb | Indo-European | |
| Tajik | ҷигар | jigar | Indo-European |
| Tsonga | xivindzi | Atlantic-Congo | |
| Kazakh | бауыр | bawır | Turkic |
| Hungarian | máj | Uralic | |
| Zulu | isibindi | Atlantic-Congo | |
| Nyanja | chiwindi | Atlantic-Congo | |
| Southern Pashto | اينه | yᶕna | Indo-European |
| Czech | játra | Indo-European | |
| Uighur | جىگەر | jiger | Turkic |
| Afrikaans | lewer | Indo-European | |
| Min Dong Chinese | 肝臟 | găng-câung | Sino-Tibetan |
| Haitian | fwa | Indo-European | |
| Swedish | lever | Indo-European | |
| Azerbaijani | qaraciyər | Turkic | |
| Iloko | dalem | Austronesian | |
| Bulgarian | че́рен дроб | čéren drob | Indo-European |
| Shona | chitaka | Atlantic-Congo | |
| Hiligaynon | atay | Austronesian | |
| Xhosa | isibindi | Atlantic-Congo | |
| Tachelhit | tasa | Afro-Asiatic | |
| Belarusian | пе́чань | pjéčanʹ | Indo-European |
| Mossi | sãoore | Atlantic-Congo | |
| Tigrinya | ከብዲ | käbdi | Afro-Asiatic |
| Neapolitan | fècato | Indo-European | |
| Central Kurdish | جەرگ | cerg | Indo-European |
| Santali | ᱤᱱ | in | Austroasiatic |
| Tumbuka | chiwindi | Atlantic-Congo | |
| Northern Thai | ᨲᩢ᩠ᨷ | Tai-Kadai | |
| Danish | lever | Indo-European | |
| Slovak | pečeň | Indo-European | |
| Southern Sotho | sebete | Atlantic-Congo | |
| Finnish | maksa | Uralic | |
| Lao | ຕັບ | tap | Tai-Kadai |
| Norwegian | lever | Indo-European | |
| Tatar | бавыр | bawır | Turkic |
| Buginese | ate | Austronesian | |
| Catalan | fetge | Indo-European | |
| Sicilian | ficatu | Indo-European | |
| Kirghiz | боор | boor | Turkic |
| Swiss German | Lawra | Indo-European | |
| Tswana | sebete | Atlantic-Congo | |
| Armenian | լյարդ | lyard | Indo-European |
| Lithuanian | kepenys | Indo-European | |
| Tok Pisin | lewa | Indo-European | |
| Lombard | fidegh | Indo-European | |
| Georgian | ღვიძლი | ɣviʒli | Kartvelian |
| Acehnese | até | Austronesian | |
| Waray | atay | Austronesian | |
| Albanian | mëlçi | Indo-European | |
| Shan | တပ်း | táp | Tai-Kadai |
| Mongolian | элэг | eleg | Mongolic-Khitan |
| Chadian Arabic | كبدة | kibde | Afro-Asiatic |
| Bikol | katoy | Austronesian | |
| Galician | fígado | Indo-European | |
| Pampanga | ate | Austronesian | |
| Slovenian | jetra | Indo-European | |
| Iban | atau | Austronesian | |
| Swati | sibindzi | Atlantic-Congo | |
| Esperanto | hepato | Artificial Language | |
| Kʼicheʼ | seseb’ | Mayan | |
| Macedonian | џигер | džiger | Indo-European |
| Piedmontese | fidich | Indo-European | |
| Venetian | figà | Indo-European | |
| Zhuang | daep | Tai-Kadai | |
| Rohingya | hoilla | Indo-European | |
| Afar | tiro | Afro-Asiatic | |
| Bini | udu n’ ẹko | Atlantic-Congo | |
| Limburgan | lever | Indo-European | |
| Makasar | ate | Austronesian | |
| Zimbabwean Ndebele | isibindi | Atlantic-Congo | |
| Latvian | aknas | Indo-European | |
| Quechua | kipcan | Quechuan | |
| Manipuri | ꯂꯤꯚꯔ | libhara | Sino-Tibetan |
| Chechen | доӏахк | doˀaxk | Nakh-Daghestanian |
| Emilian | féddegh | Indo-European | |
| Venda | tshivhindi | Atlantic-Congo | |
| Estonian | maks | Uralic | |
| Bashkir | бауыр | bawır | Turkic |
| Tibetan | མཆིན | mchin | Sino-Tibetan |
| Maguindanao | hatay | Austronesian | |
| Romagnol | fegat | Indo-European | |
| Tausug | atay | Austronesian | |
| Kabiyé | hɔyɛ | Atlantic-Congo | |
| Newari | सें | seṃ | Sino-Tibetan |
| Central Okinawan | 肝 | chimu | Japonic |
| Mon | ဖျုန်ဂြိုဟ် | Austroasiatic | |
| Western Frisian | lever | Indo-European | |
| Swabian | Läbr | Indo-European | |
| South Sudanese Creole Arabic | kibda | Afro-Asiatic | |
| Kalmyk | элкн | elkn | Mongolic-Khitan |
| Maranao | atay | Austronesian | |
| Avar | тӏул | tʼul | Nakh-Daghestanian |
| Basque | gibel | Isolates | |
| Chuvash | пӗвер | pĕver | Turkic |
| Welsh | afu | Indo-European | |
| Yucatec Maya | táaman | Mayan | |
| Lü | ᦶᦎᧇ | ṫaeb | Tai-Kadai |
| Lezghian | лекь | leq̇ | Nakh-Daghestanian |
| Rusyn | печу́нка | pečúnka | Indo-European |
| Morisyen | lefwa | Indo-European | |
| Walloon | foete | Indo-European | |
| Kara-Kalpak | bawır | Turkic | |
| Adyghe | шӏу | šʷʼu | Abkhaz-Adyge |
| Maltese | fwied | Afro-Asiatic | |
| Crimean Tatar | bağır | Turkic | |
| Occitan | fetge | Indo-European | |
| Ligurian | figaéttu | Indo-European | |
| Tetum | aten | Austronesian | |
| Silesian | wōntroba | Indo-European | |
| Asturian | fégadu | Indo-European | |
| Yakut | быар | bïar | Turkic |
| Kumyk | бавур | bawur | Turkic |
| Samoan | ate | Austronesian | |
| Sranan Tongo | lefre | Indo-European | |
| Masbatenyo | atay | Austronesian | |
| Mingrelian | ჩხონჩხი | čxončxi | Kartvelian |
| Fijian | yate | Austronesian | |
| Dhivehi | ފުރަމޭ | furamē | Indo-European |
| Ingush | дихк | dixk | Nakh-Daghestanian |
| Papiamento | higra | Indo-European | |
| Icelandic | lifur | Indo-European | |
| Karachay-Balkar | бауур | bauur | Turkic |
| Friulian | fiât | Indo-European | |
| Tuvinian | баар | baar | Turkic |
| Aari | tirá | South Omotic | |
| Saho | tiraw | Afro-Asiatic | |
| Udmurt | мус | mus | Uralic |
| Ao Naga | temesen | Sino-Tibetan | |
| Plautdietsch | Läwa | Indo-European | |
| Laz | ჯიგერი | cigeri | Kartvelian |
| Dzongkha | མཆིན་པ | mchin pa | Sino-Tibetan |
| Iriga Bicolano | atay | Austronesian | |
| Zeelandic | lever | Indo-European | |
| Buriat | эльгэн | elʹgen | Mongolic-Khitan |
| Amis | 'atay | Austronesian | |
| Māori | ate | Austronesian | |
| West Coast Bajau | atei | Austronesian | |
| Extremaduran | hígau | Indo-European | |
| Abkhaz | агәаҵәа | agʷacʷʼa | Abkhaz-Adyge |
| Tonga (Tonga Islands) | 'ate | Austronesian | |
| Central Dusun | tangkayau | Austronesian | |
| Navajo | bizid | Athabaskan-Eyak-Tlingit | |
| Lak | ттиликӏ | t:ilikʼ | Nakh-Daghestanian |
| Corsican | fecatu | Indo-European | |
| Bantoanon | atay | Austronesian | |
| Gagauz | ceer | Turkic | |
| Irish | ae | Indo-European | |
| Gilbertese | ato | Austronesian | |
| Aromanian | hicat | Indo-European | |
| Kashubian | wątroba | Indo-European | |
| Breton | avu | Indo-European | |
| Erzya | максо | makso | Uralic |
| Nogai | бавыр | bavır | Turkic |
| Võro | mass | Uralic | |
| Northern Catanduanes Bicolano | atay | Austronesian | |
| Tabasaran | кӏару ликӏ | ḳaru liḳ | Nakh-Daghestanian |
| Salar | baqe | Turkic | |
| Sikkimese | མཆེན་པོ | mchen po | Sino-Tibetan |
| Faroese | livur | Indo-European | |
| Chamorro | higadu | Austronesian | |
| Marshallese | aj | Austronesian | |
| Scottish Gaelic | grùthan | Indo-European | |
| Mansaka | atay | Austronesian | |
| Southern Altai | буур | buur | Turkic |
| Sanskrit | यकृत् | yákṛt | Indo-European |
| Abaza | чӏва | ćʷʼa | Abkhaz-Adyge |
| Yaeyama | 肝 | ksïmu | Japonic |
| Khakas | паар | paar | Turkic |
| Romansh | fio | Indo-European | |
| Ashkun | ion | Indo-European | |
| Chepang | सीन्ह् | Sino-Tibetan | |
| Karelian | maksa | Uralic | |
| Plains Cree | ᒥᐢᑯᐣ | miskon | Algic |
| Higaonon | atay | Austronesian | |
| Ladin | fuià fosch | Indo-European | |
| Bau-Jagoi Bidayuh | otin | Austronesian | |
| Hawaiian | ake | Austronesian | |
| North Saami | vuoivvas | Uralic | |
| Lamboya | ate | Austronesian | |
| Katë | iāňi | Indo-European | |
| Taroko | rumun | Austronesian | |
| Evenki | хакин | hakin | Tungusic |
| Mirandese | fígado | Indo-European | |
| Svan | ყუ̂იჟე | q̇ûiže | Kartvelian |
| Western Apache | bizig | Athabaskan-Eyak-Tlingit | |
| Upper Sorbian | jatra | Indo-European | |
| Kikai | 肝 | Japonic | |
| Cherokee | ᎤᏪᎳ | uwela | Iroquoian |
| Nuristani Kalasha | iok | Indo-European | |
| Northern Amami-Oshima | 肝 | kimo | Japonic |
| Northern Frisian | liwer | Indo-European | |
| Niuean | ate | Austronesian | |
| Xavánte | pa | Nuclear-Macro-Je | |
| Choctaw | sʋlakha | Muskogean | |
| Aragonese | figado | Indo-European | |
| Mebengokre | ma | Nuclear-Macro-Je | |
| Lower Sorbian | jětša | Indo-European | |
| Karata-Tukita | рекьӏайлӏ | reƛ̣ajƛ | Nakh-Daghestanian |
| Chukchi | pontə | Chukotko-Kamchatkan | |
| Kunigami | 肝 | chimū | Japonic |
| Megleno-Romanian | drob | Indo-European | |
| Rapanui | ꞌate | Austronesian | |
| Dolgan | быар | Turkic | |
| Pitjantjatjara | alu | Pama-Nyungan | |
| Yami | atay | Austronesian | |
| Mrassu Shor-Tutal | паар | Turkic | |
| Moksha | макса | maksa | Uralic |
| Mòcheno | leber | Indo-European | |
| Manx | aane | Indo-European | |
| Southern Amami-Oshima | 肝 | kimo | Japonic |
| Interlingua | ficato | Artificial Language | |
| Nanai | па | pa | Tungusic |
| Veps | maks | Uralic | |
| Istro-Romanian | ficåţ | Indo-European | |
| Northern Mansi | ма̄йт | mājt | Uralic |
| Archi | диликӏ | dilikʼ | Nakh-Daghestanian |
| Sakizaya | atay | Austronesian | |
| Taos Northern Tiwa | cʼóne | Kiowa-Tanoan | |
| Xokleng | tõmã | Nuclear-Macro-Je | |
| Cornish | avi | Indo-European | |
| Kildin Saami | вӯйвас | vūjvas | Uralic |
| Skolt Sami | vuõivâs | Uralic | |
| Cimbrian | lebar | Indo-European | |
| Pela | saŋ³⁵ | Sino-Tibetan | |
| Yonaguni | 肝 | chimu | Japonic |
| Suyá | mba | Nuclear-Macro-Je | |
| Ratagnon | atay | Austronesian | |
| Inari Sami | vuoivâs | Uralic | |
| Ket | сеӈ | sʼeŋ | Yeniseian |
| Nganasan | mitə | Uralic | |
| Ingrian | leipäliha | Uralic | |
| Alabama | illopi | Muskogean | |
| Taiga Sayan Turkic | баар | Turkic | |
| Wymysorys | łaower | Indo-European | |
| Votic | mahsõ | Uralic | |
| Prussian | jaknā | Indo-European | |
| Pite Saami | ribbre | Uralic | |
| Manchu | ᡶᠠᡥᡡᠨ | fahūn | Tungusic |
| Forest Enets | муз | Uralic | |
| Saaroa | 'aci'i | Austronesian | |
| Chamicuro | ojpana | Arawakan | |
| Aiton | တ︀ပ︀် | tap | Tai-Kadai |
| Akkadian | 𒅗𒁀𒌈 | kabattum | Afro-Asiatic |
| Aklanon | atay | Austronesian | |
| Apinayé | ma | Nuclear-Macro-Je | |
| Aramaic | כבדא | kabdā | Afro-Asiatic |
| Classical-Middle Armenian | լեարդ | leard | Indo-European |
| Eastern Arrernte | aleme | Pama-Nyungan | |
| Aymara | kʼiwcha | Aymaran | |
| Western Balochi | جگر | jagar | Indo-European |
| Bobangi | libale | Atlantic-Congo | |
| Baure | eperon | Arawakan | |
| Boloki | libale | Atlantic-Congo | |
| Central-Southern Timbira | impa | Nuclear-Macro-Je | |
| Central Atlas Tamazight | ⵜⴰⵙⴰ | tasa | Afro-Asiatic |
| Dalmatian | fecuat | Indo-European | |
| Dargwa | дулекӏ | duleḳ | Nakh-Daghestanian |
| Old French | foie | Indo-European | |
| Saterland Frisian | Líeuwer | Indo-European | |
| Pular | keenye | Atlantic-Congo | |
| Geez | ከብድ | käbd | Afro-Asiatic |
| Ancient Greek | ἧπαρ | hêpar | Indo-European |
| Kalaallisut | tinguk | Eskimo-Aleut | |
| Hebrew | כָּבֵד | kavéd | Afro-Asiatic |
| Hmong Daw | siab | Hmong-Mien | |
| Hunsrik | Lewer | Indo-European |