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Tohono O'odham

Tohono O’otham

Tohono O'odham is a Uto-Aztecan language spoken in United States and Mexico, by about 15 thousand people. Glottolog rates it threatened.

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Tohono O'odham · 31.8°N 112.0°W

Oʼodham ( OH-ə-dahm, O'odham pronunciation: [ˈʔɔʔɔðam]) is a Uto-Aztecan language of southern Arizona and northern Sonora, Mexico, where the Tohono Oʼodham and Akimel Oʼodham (or Pima) reside. In 2000, there were estimated to be approximately 9,750 speakers in the United States and Mexico combined, although there may be more due to underreporting.

It is the tenth-most-spoken Indigenous language in the United States, and the third-most-spoken Indigenous language in Arizona (after Western Apache and Navajo). It is the third-most-spoken language in Pinal County, Arizona, and the fourth-most-spoken language in Pima County, Arizona.

Approximately 8% of Oʼodham speakers in the US speak English "not well" or "not at all", according to results of the 2000 Census. Approximately 13% of Oʼodham speakers in the US were between the ages of 5 and 17, and among the younger Oʼodham speakers, approximately 4% were reported as speaking English "not well" or "not at all".

From Wikipedia · Oʼodham language · CC BY-SA 4.0

Words in Tohono O'odham

MeaningWordRomanization
motherje'e
father'o꞉g
childali
mancheoj
woman'oks
earna꞉k
waterṣu꞉dagĭ
suntaṣ
moonmaṣad
rainju꞉kĭ
mountaindo'ag
tree'u꞉s
doggogs
fishwatopi
horsekaviyu
cowhaiwani
onehemako
twogo꞉k
threevaik
fourgiʼik
fivehetasp
tenvestmam
sleepko꞉ṣ
givema꞉k
yesheu'u
houseki꞉
book'o'ohana
redwegi
whitetoha
blackchuk

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Vocabulary

Grammar

Vocabulary compares 40 basic words (ASJP); grammar compares 195 features (Grambank). Similar is not always related.

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Glottolog · toho1245 · Wikipedia (English) · Ethnologue · ood