Tohono O'odham
Tohono O’otham
Tohono O'odham is a Uto-Aztecan language spoken in United States and Mexico, by about 15 thousand people. Glottolog rates it threatened.
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Oʼodham ( OH-ə-dahm, O'odham pronunciation: [ˈʔɔʔɔðam]) is a Uto-Aztecan language of southern Arizona and northern Sonora, Mexico, where the Tohono Oʼodham and Akimel Oʼodham (or Pima) reside. In 2000, there were estimated to be approximately 9,750 speakers in the United States and Mexico combined, although there may be more due to underreporting.
It is the tenth-most-spoken Indigenous language in the United States, and the third-most-spoken Indigenous language in Arizona (after Western Apache and Navajo). It is the third-most-spoken language in Pinal County, Arizona, and the fourth-most-spoken language in Pima County, Arizona.
Approximately 8% of Oʼodham speakers in the US speak English "not well" or "not at all", according to results of the 2000 Census. Approximately 13% of Oʼodham speakers in the US were between the ages of 5 and 17, and among the younger Oʼodham speakers, approximately 4% were reported as speaking English "not well" or "not at all".
From Wikipedia · Oʼodham language · CC BY-SA 4.0
Words in Tohono O'odham
| Meaning | Word | Romanization |
|---|---|---|
| mother | je'e | |
| father | 'o꞉g | |
| child | ali | |
| man | cheoj | |
| woman | 'oks | |
| ear | na꞉k | |
| water | ṣu꞉dagĭ | |
| sun | taṣ | |
| moon | maṣad | |
| rain | ju꞉kĭ | |
| mountain | do'ag | |
| tree | 'u꞉s | |
| dog | gogs | |
| fish | watopi | |
| horse | kaviyu | |
| cow | haiwani | |
| one | hemako | |
| two | go꞉k | |
| three | vaik | |
| four | giʼik | |
| five | hetasp | |
| ten | vestmam | |
| sleep | ko꞉ṣ | |
| give | ma꞉k | |
| yes | heu'u | |
| house | ki꞉ | |
| book | 'o'ohana | |
| red | wegi | |
| white | toha | |
| black | chuk |
Most similar languages
Vocabulary
- Pima BajoUto-Aztecan60% alike
- TepecanoUto-Aztecan53% alike
- Southeastern TepehuanUto-Aztecan46% alike
- Northern TepehuanUto-Aztecan45% alike
- TeguimaUto-Aztecan16% alike
- TübatulabalUto-Aztecan16% alike
Grammar
- HiligaynonAustronesian77% alike
- MündüAtlantic-Congo76% alike
- MarovoAustronesian76% alike
- WotuAustronesian76% alike
- Suruí Do ParáTupian75% alike
- Temascaltepec NahuatlUto-Aztecan75% alike
Vocabulary compares 40 basic words (ASJP); grammar compares 195 features (Grambank). Similar is not always related.
Nearby languages
Elsewhere
Glottolog · toho1245 · Wikipedia (English) · Ethnologue · ood