Minangkabau
bahaso Minangkabau
Minangkabau is an Austronesian language spoken in Indonesia, by about 5.5 million people. Glottolog rates it threatened.
See it on the globeOpen in the family tree
Minangkabau (ˌminɑːŋkəˈbau MEE-nahng-kah-bow; Bahaso Minangkabau, Jawi: بهاس منڠكربو, IPA: [ˈbaso mi.naŋˈka.bau]), simply known as Minang, is an Austronesian language spoken by the Minangkabau of West Sumatra, the western part of Riau, the southern and western coast of Aceh, the northern part of Bengkulu and Jambi, and also in several cities throughout Indonesia by migrated Minangkabau. The language is also a lingua franca along the western coastal region of the province of North Sumatra, and is even used in parts of Aceh, where it is known as the Aneuk Jamee dialect.
Minangkabau is similar to Malay. The relationship between the languages is characterized in different ways. Some see Minangkabau as an early variety of Malay, while others think of Minangkabau as a distinct (Malayic) language.
Minangkabau is one of a few languages that generally lacks verb forms and grammatical subject-object distinctions.
From Wikipedia · Minangkabau language · CC BY-SA 4.0
Written down
Sadonyo urang lahia mardeka jo punyo martabaik jo hak-hak nan samo. Nyo diagiah aka jo hati nurani sarato handaknyo babaua samo nan lainnyo dalam samangaik badunsanak.
Article 1 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR in Unicode).
Words in Minangkabau
| Meaning | Word | Romanization |
|---|---|---|
| mother | mande | |
| woman | padusi | |
| eye | mato | |
| ear | talingo | |
| tooth | gigih | |
| tongue | lidah | |
| hand | tangan | |
| head | kapalo | |
| blood | darah | |
| breast | dado | |
| water | aia | |
| fire | api | |
| moon | bulan | |
| star | bintang | |
| rain | hujan | |
| wind | angin | |
| stone | batu | |
| mountain | gunuang | |
| river | sungai | |
| leaf | daun | |
| dog | anjiang | |
| fish | ikan | |
| bird | buruang | |
| horse | kudo | |
| cow | jawi | |
| pig | kandiak | |
| snake | ula | |
| two | duo | |
| three | tigo | |
| four | ampeʔ |
Most similar languages
Vocabulary
- MusiAustronesian74% alike
- Jambi MalayAustronesian71% alike
- Central MalayAustronesian66% alike
- KubuAustronesian65% alike
- North Moluccan MalayAustronesian64% alike
- Makassar MalayAustronesian63% alike
Grammar
- YinchiaAustroasiatic92% alike
- HaroiAustronesian92% alike
- Eastern PenanAustronesian91% alike
- West BerawanAustronesian91% alike
- NaromAustronesian90% alike
- TombonuoAustronesian89% alike
Vocabulary compares 40 basic words (ASJP); grammar compares 195 features (Grambank). Similar is not always related.
Nearby languages
Elsewhere
Glottolog · mina1268 · Wikipedia (English) · Ethnologue · min